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Cell Phones
By Mar
A phone or cell(ular) phone is an electronic telecommunications device. Most current phones connect to a cellular network of base stations (cell sites), which is in turn interconnected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN)(the exception are satellite phones). Cellular networks were first introduced in the early to mid 1980s (the 1G generation). Prior phones operating without a cellular network (the so-called 0G generation), such as Telephone Service, date back to 1946. Until the mid to late 1980s, most phones were sufficiently large that they were often permanently installed in vehicles as car phones. With the advance of miniaturization, currently the vast majority of phones are handheld. In addition to the standard voice function of a telephone, a phone can support many additional services such as SMS for text messaging, packet switching for access to the Internet, and MMS for sending and receiving photos and video.
Some of the world's largest phone companies include Alcatel, Audiovox, BenQ-Siemens, Dopod, Fujitsu, Kyocera, LG, Motorola, NEC, Nokia, Panasonic (Matsushita Electric), Philips, Sagem, Samsung, Sanyo, Sharp, SK Teletech, Sony Ericsson, and Toshiba.
There are also specialist communication systems related to, but distinct from phones, such as Professional Radio. phones are also distinct from cordless telephones, which generally operate only within a limited range of a specific base station. Technically, the term phone includes such devices as satellite phones and pre-cellular phones such as those operating via MTS which do not have a cellular network, whereas the related term cell(ular) phone does not. In practice, the two terms are used nearly interchangeably, with the preferred term varying by location.
Worldwide deployment
Radio phones have a long and varied history that stretches back to the 1950s, with hand-held cellular radio devices being available since 1983. Due to their low establishment costs and rapid deployment, phone networks have since spread rapidly throughout the world, outstripping the growth of fixed telephony.
In most of Europe, wealthier parts of Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, Latin America, Australia, Canada, and the United States, phones are now widely used, with the majority of the adult, teenage,
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and even child population owning one. At present India and China have the largest growth rates of cellular subscribers in the world. The availability of Prepaid or pay as you go services, where the subscriber does not have to commit to a long term contract, has helped fuel this growth on a monolithic scale.
The phone has become ubiquitous because of the interoperability of phones across different networks and countries. This is due to the equipment manufacturers working to meet one of a few standards, particularly the GSM standard which was designed for Europe-wide interoperability. All European nations and most Asian and African nations adopted it as their sole standard. In other countries, such as the United States, Japan, and South Korea, legislation does not require any particular standard, and GSM coexists with other standards, such as CDMA and iDen. Article Source: http://www.ArticleJoe.com Related pages: Send free text messages, ring tones, car wallpapers, MSN names and AIM status.All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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